Micro Lithography Process Technology for Surface Texturing of Photovoltaic Layers Their Structural and Optical Properties

Abstract

Solar photovoltaics is an effective alternative to fossil fuels for transition towards newlineadaptation to sustainable green energy. It is only a smaller component of the of the photons newlinefrom the solar radiation interacting with the solar cells is utilized and remaining are lost due newlineto various losses such as reflection, thermalization etc. In order to overcome this difficulty newlineand enable a fair utilization of the incident light, light trapping strategies are considered in newlinephoto diodes as well as solar cells. In case of conventional Si base solar cells, etching tools newlinehave been used to introduce textures on the surface of Si to enable light trapping for newlinesubsequent absorption enhancement and increase photon conversion efficiencies. newlineIn case of conventional, thin film solar cells, the absorber layer presenting its surface newlinewith periodically textured structures or with random roughness is considered one of the ways newlineto increase the incident light absorption and thereby enhance the performance of the solar newlinecell. The surface modification reduces the reflection to a certain extent by multiple newlinereflections of the photons that fall on the vertical sides of the textures in the absorber layer, newlineleading to improved absorbance newline