Evaluation of Demographic Clinical Biochemical and Microbiological Profile of Chronic Periodontitis Individuals With and Without Chronic Kidney Disease

Abstract

ABSTRACT newlineBackground and Objectives: Periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory infection, initiated and sustained by several bacteria that colonize the sub-gingival area leading to connective tissue destruction. newlineMaterials and Methods: In the present study, one hundred twenty participants aged 35 65 years were divided into four groups as control (C=30 subjects), (CP=30 patients), (CKD=30 patients), and (CKD+CP=30 patients). Age, Gender, Body mass index (BMI), Obesity and periodontal parameters such as plaque index (PI), gingival index (GI), probing pocket dept (PPD), clinical attachment level (CAL)were recorded. TNF-and#945;, GPx, serum creatinine, estimated glomerular filtration rate (GFR), fasting blood sugar (FBS), glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) were measured and were compared between the groups and the results were statistically analyzed. Porphyromonas gingivalis (Pg), Treponema denticola (Td), Tannerella forsythia (Tf) were assessed using real time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and compared between the groups. newlineResults: We observed that all the PI, GI, PPD, percentage proportion of sites with probing pocket depth more than 5 mm, CAL, percentage proportion of sites with clinical attachment loss were higher in CKD+CP group and CP group. Pearson correlation analysis revealed significant correlation of red complex bacteria with all variables. The study demonstrates the role of inflammatory biomarkers in periodontal disease progression that could contribute to the development of systemic inflammation such as CKD. newlineConclusion: The results of the present study attributes to the fact that inflammation induced by periodontal pathogens pose high risk to chronic kidney disease by inducing inflammatory changes. This could pave a strong link of oxidative stress as a risk factor for chronic periodontitis, as well as chronic kidney disease. newline