Bottom up and top down effects on marine ecosystem under algal toxicity and virus diseases with optimal control on harvesting

Abstract

Ecology and Epidemiology are two different places of newlineresearch. An infinite number of research works have been committed in these newlinetwo subjects. Ecology connects to the scientific study that serves out with the newlinerelationships in which living organisms interact with each other. To various newlineecosystem models, with the help of some experimental data that gathered newlinefrom different kinds of field observations (e.g. the relation between nutrient, newlinephytoplankton, zooplankton in marine ecosystem, predator and prey relation, newlinethe relation of sunlight and water availability to photosynthetic rate etc.). So newlineecology means studying ecosystem in different ways. Ecological model newlineconstruction takes up many different forms, depending on the intention for newlinewhich it is committed. Now in marine system the main source of mathematical newlineecology is plankton ecology, which deals the enhancement abatement and newlinerestlessness of plankton populations. In other words, an ecosystem model is newlinethe description of an ecological problem that helps to understand of the real newlinesystem. These models usually take the form of sets of simultaneous differential newlineequations relating the growth rate of each species population in a community newlineto the sizes of all the other interacting species populations. newline