An optimized and energy aware geographic routing protocol using evolutionary algorithms for improving qos in mobile adhoc networks

Abstract

Mobile adhoc network (manet) is a standalone collection of mobile sensor nodes that communicates through wireless links with relatively restricted bandwidth. the topology of manets are quickly and change unpredictably with time since the sensor nodes are mobile. the network is decentralized, so that the sensor nodes carries out all network activities, including topology discovery and message delivery, which means that a routing feature is integrated into mobile nodes. node mobility in an ad hoc network frequently changes the topology of the network. furthermore, performance challenges, such as time constraints, would pose an additional challenge to gain solutions from the manets infrastructure. manets operate in an extremely dynamic environment and because its topology cannot always be defined and limitation poses a network safety problem and an optimized and secure routing protocol is always required. a few routing protocols for manets have so far been developed. manets have a variety of applications from small, static power-restricted networks to highly dynamic large, mobile networks. geographic routing is an attractive way to route large wireless sensor networks because of its low overhead, high scalability and storage-free characteristics. while improving the qos and network lifetime, a geographic routing is used for their adjacent neighbours to be able to reach effective routing performance. in order to dynamically regulate the frequency of the position updates according to node movement dynamics, an updated position strategy for geographical routing was implemented. the adjusted rate of beacon transfer in a position-based strategy efficiently adapts beacon transmissions to the dynamics of node mobility and traffic load leading newline