Synthesis characterization and electrochemical studies of metal hydroxides and their nanocomposites with graphitic carbon nitride for super capacitor application

Abstract

The extensive use of non-renewable energy sources such as fossil fuels pollutes the atmosphere and leads to global warming. as a consequence, it necessitates the quest for a sustainable and renewable alternative energy source/storage technology to meet the demand for energy while also resolving the climatic crisis. among the energy storage technologies, supercapacitors have been hailed as promising energy storage technology for their high-power density, rapid charge/discharge and extended cycle life. however, still it has some limitations like low energy density and restricted working potential, which inhibits its practicability. so, the quest for the novel electrode material is still continuing. in this instance, metal hydroxides are having high potential due to their active redox behaviour (faradaic) despite their low conductivity and electrochemical stability, so it is often combined with 2d based materials to significantly suppress their limitations. meanwhile, the two-dimensional (2d) stacked graphitic nature of the carbon nitride (g-c3n4) has piqued curiosity owing to its substituted nitrogen heteroatoms and sp2 hybridization of p-conjugated graphitic planes with carbon and nitrogen atoms which may offers good electron transportation, ionic conductivity and servers as a perfect nucleation template for other materials. the major goal of this doctoral dissertation is to develop a high-performance supercapacitor electrode using novel nanostructured materials. novel nanoarchitecture materials have recently been recognized as possible supercapacitor electrode materials. nanoengineering of electrodes facilitates outstanding electrochemical performance in electrochemical energy storage devices (supercapacitors) owing to their tuneable texture, high surface to volume ratio, size-reliable properties affording improved charge transportation by effective diffusion of electrolyte. in this research, graphitic carbon nitride is coupled with metal hydroxides nanostructures such as nickel hydroxide (ni(oh)2), cobalt hydrox