Study Of Effect Of Interfacial Layers On The Performance Of Perovskite Solar Cells

Abstract

Solar energy has been seen as a viable renewable and sustainable energy source in recent years since it is abundant enough to meet the energy needs of humans on the planet. The use of three-dimensional organic-inorganic hybrid perovskites as efficient light-absorbing materials is an example of a breakthrough in solar technology. The focus of the current research is to investigate the effect of optimization of titanium dioxide (TiO2) and TiO2-graphene (TGr) thin films as electron transport layer (ETL) in perovskite solar cells (PSCs). The optimized concentration for ETL was discovered to be (0.50 wt % of graphene in TiO2). Using this optimized concentration of graphene in TiO2, PSCs have been fabricated with and without a hole transport layer (HTL) of vanadium oxide (V2O5). Thin films of methylammonium lead iodide (CH3NH3PbI3) have also been reported to be deposited on indium tin oxide (ITO) glass using a one-step spin coating process and then annealed at various temperatures (60°C to 90°C). The thin films were characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Energy-Dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), UV VIS-NIR spectroscopy, and current-voltage (I-V) measurement. The needle-like morphology of CH3NH3PbI3 in all the films and as well as the surface coverage of the substrate was revealed by SEM analysis. The needle-like morphologies totally covered the substrate surface at 90°C temperatures. The formation of the tetragonal phase was revealed by the XRD patterns of all films. Absorbance measurements were used to examine the optical characteristics of all films. A small rise in absorbance has been seen as the annealing temperature of the perovskite layer is increased. The effect of annealing temperature on film formation morphology and configuration is also investigated. An efficient ultrathin interfacial layer of magnesium oxide (MgO) is spin-coated TiO2 and perovskite thin films. MgO/TiO2 layers would provide more contact interface of MgO/TiO2 and directly separate TiO2 and CH3NH3Pb