Synthesis of peptides and peptidomimetics with potential biological properties

Abstract

ABSTRACT newlinePeptides are the primary means of intercellular communication in various diverse biological systems. Proteins play significant role in key biological functions and they have unique intrinsic properties which make them particularly attractive as therapeutic agents. Biological role of peptides is associated with low toxicity and high specificity, so that even a short peptide can offer a plethora of combinatorial possibilities as a unique messenger. The benefits conferred by these molecules also include drawbacks such as unspecific binding, easy hydrolysis by proteases and poor solubility. This has led to the development of analogues of natural peptides bearing one or more non-amide bonds which are termed as peptidomimetics . The unnatural linkages employed to construct such architectures have been shown to improve peptides in-vivo shelf-life, solubility, bio-availability, target specificity significantly. Hence the peptidomimetic molecules were formed within the native amino acid backbone. In the present study, N-protected ureidopeptides were synthesized using Bromodimethylsulfonium bromide from their corresponding N-protected amino acids. Besides, the nano metal oxides such as nano MgO, ZnO, CuO, CeO2, and Fe2O3 were prepared and utilized as catalysts for the synthetic work. Nano MgO, ZnO were prepared via solution combustion method using the extract of Garcinia gummi-gutta seed and Capsicum annuum and magnesium nitrate, zinc nitrate and then it was employed for the synthesis of N-formamide derivatives of Fmoc / Cbz-and#945;-protected amino acids, amino acid esters, and aromatic amines. Similarly, Terminalia bellirica seeds extract and cupric nitrate were used for the preparation of nano CuO and utilized for the synthesis of N-protected amino keto-1,2,3-triazole analogues. Further, nano CeO2 prepared by combustion method was used for the synthesis of selenoesters. All the nano metal oxides were well characterized by experimental techniques such as XRD, FTIR, EDX, PL, and SEM analysis to confirm the formation