Energy optimization in multihop wireless embedded and sensor networks

Abstract

Energy is an important resource in Wireless Sensor node (WN) newlinewhich gets depleted soon, especially in harsh environments, where the WN s newlinebatteries once deployed could not be reached easily for replacement or newlinerecharging activities. Therefore, designing energy efficient routing protocol newlinefor Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) is the objective for the applications like newlineStructural Health Monitoring (SHM), Military surveillance and so on. newlineIn this thesis, SHM applications where the WNs are deployed in newlineeach floor of a nine storey building is used as a case study I in chapter 3. newlineInstead of placing nine WNs with one node at each floor, if WNs are newlinedeployed at information rich locations, the entire structure can be monitored newlineeven with six or seven WNs. Fisher Information Matrix (FIM) which depends newlineon the mode shape of a structure is used to identify the information rich newlinelocations. The mode shape of a structure is a certain pattern of vibration at a newlinespecific frequency. The FIM determinant is a standard metric used to measure newlinethe placement quality of sensors with High Information Quality (HIQ). Based newlineon the FIM value, sensor node locations with high information quality are newlinefound out. Deploying WNs only in these reduced optimal number of WN newlinelocations helps in monitoring the entire structure. To find the optimal number newlineof WN locations algorithms namely exhaustive search, SPEM and GA were newlinestudied. Based on the above literature study a new algorithm namely HIOGA newlineto optimize the number of WNs locations is proposed in this thesis. For the newlineoptimally selected WNs if energy optimization is applied then its system life newlinetime can be extended. newline