Green Synthesis Characterization Standardization And Assessment Of Nanoparticles K Ca and Si In Rainfed Wheat Triticum aestivum L

Abstract

An investigation was carried out on green synthesis of potassium (K), calcium newlineoxide (Ca) and silicon dioxide (Si) nanoparticles (NPs) in Green Nanotechnology newlineLaboratory, University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad, Karnataka. Potassium and newlinecalcium NPs were successfully synthesized utilizing the reducing and capping potential newlineof tulsi leaf extracts through autoclave method (121 °C and 15 psi for 30 minutes) and newlineSiNPs were synthesized from sugarcane bagasse. The green synthesized NPs were newlineidentified by the change in colour. Further, these NPs were characterized by UVSpectroscopy newlinethat revealed an absorbance peak at 320 nm for KNPs, 230 nm for Ca NPs newlineand 350 nm for SiNPs. Size of synthesized NPs were confirmed with particle size newlineanalyzer i.e., 89.1 nm for KNPs, 84.4 nm for CaNPs and 55.1 nm for SiNPs. The newlinesynthesized three NPs with spherical morphology were confirmed by scanning electron newlinemicroscopy images. The purity and per cent presence of elemental potassium (24.38 %), newlinecalcium (74.49 %) and silicon (29.12 %) NPs were confirmed using energy dispersive newlineX-ray spectrum. After successful synthesis and characterization of NPs, lab experiment newlinewas conducted to standardize the concentration and time of soaking of green newlinesynthesized NPs. The lab experiment was laid out in CRD design with three newlinereplications. Wheat seeds primed at 60 ppm for 8 hours recorded significantly superior newlineroot length (13.42, 12.93, and 12.12 cm), shoot length (7.83, 6.78 and 6.74 cm), root newlinevolume (0.79, 0.72 and 0.65 cm3), root dry weight (0.089, 0.079 and 0.068 g), shoot dry newlineweight (0.139, 0.128 and 0.117 g), seedling vigour index (2125.33, 1905.37 and newline1823.20) for green synthesized SiNPs, KNPs and CaNPs, respectively. The pot newlineexperiment was carried out in IABT, UASD to standardize the growth stages of wheat newlinefor optimum time of foliar application of green synthesized NPs. The results revealed newlinethat, foliar spray of green synthesized nano Si, K and Ca at 200 ppm was found to be newlineoptimum at panicle initiation stage of wheat. The standardized optimum conc