Effect of selected resistance training on bone health of women

Abstract

Health is an important factor, which represents the wellbeing and economic growth. For improvement the women health in India must be analyzed the different dimension of life style and wellbeing. With socio-economic development and rapid aging in many Asian countries, osteoporosis has become a most dominant and expensive health problems. Osteopenia and osteoporosis or low bone mineral density (BMD) is a major risk for Indian women. Approximately 35 40% of Indian women aged 40 65 years suffer from osteopenia. Lack of sufficient calcium intake and inadequate exercise are the cause of low bone density of Indian women. Bone density reach its peak at the age of 20 to 35 years. After that the processes is decline. At the age 40 the bone loss less than 0.5 percent of their mass per year. Post-menopausal women loss 2 3% or more bone mass per year. If that is not prevent then at year of 70 80 a woman can loss 50% of her peak bone mass. Several risk factors contribute to low bone mass which include non-modifiable factors like female sex, old age, small thin built, Caucasian or Asian and family history of fractures. Ethnic differences in BMD are strongly influenced by body weight. Important modifiable risk factors include calcium and Vit. D deficiency, sedentary life style, smoking, excessive alcohol and caffeine intake (Keramat and Mithal, 2005). newlineThe primary function of bone tissue is to bear load of the body. The bone tissue is able to adapt mechanical stress produced by own body weight and physical activities. During physical activity, mechanical forces that act on bone are generated mainly from two sources; loads from impact with the ground (ground-reaction forces) and loads from skeletal muscle contractions (muscle forces or muscle-joint forces). newline