Effects of stress reduction strategies on Anxiety Self Efficacy and Activity level among patients following coronary artery by pass grafting

Abstract

Coronary Artery Disease is the leading cause of mortality and morbidity in India and allover the world. The overall prevalence rate of CAD in India has increased phenomenally. There is a parallel increase in number of patients undergoing CABG. The most common response for CABG is Anxiety. There are many researches focusing on the physical and vocational rehabilitation following cardiac surgery. There are few researches that focus on the psychosocial aspects of rehabilitation also. Hence it necessitates development and testing of intervention which will reduce anxiety, promote patients self efficacy, optimal emotional social and physical newlinefunctioning. Realizing this fact the investigator instituted the combination of yoga relaxation techniques and video assisted information as stress reduction interventions among CABG patients. The yoga relaxation technique works on the basis of optimizing mind body harmony. The video developed for this study is expected to facilitate cognitive reorientation, dispel their fear and instill confidence in the activities through enhancing the self efficacy. The research question that guided this investigation is - what is the effect of the stress reduction strategies on anxiety, self efficacy and activity level following CABG. Prospective pretest post test experimental design was applied. Both men and women subjected to CABG for the first time on elective basis with ejection fraction more than 35% were included. CABG patients with psychiatric problems, stroke, Asthma and with severe post operative arrhythmia or arrest were excluded from the study. 156 eligible consented patients were recruited for the study. The State anxiety, the physiological correlates of anxiety the BP, pulse rate, pain intensity score, self efficacy, activity were the out come variables. The State anxiety was assessed using the Speilbergers STAI preoperatively the day before surgery, on second, sixth post operative day and 6th post operative week.