Lead Pb Induced Effects in Rice Plants and Human Cell Lines

Abstract

Abiotic stresses are major challenges to achieving sustainable food production and feeding newlinethe increasing population. Every year, huge losses in agricultural output are recorded across newlinethe world as a result of a range of abiotic stressors. Anthropogenic activities such as newlineindiscriminate use of metal-enriched agrochemicals such as inorganic fertilizers, pesticides, newlineand irrigation of land with metal-contaminated water have created a high heavy metal load in newlineagricultural soils such as lead (Pb). Heavy metals have been categorized as the most newlinesignificant hazardous materials because they pose a significant risk to the environment and newlineecosystem and directly affect human health (Hojsak et. al., 2015). Due to the rapid biomagnification newlineprocesses, the build-up of heavy metals in the environment causes a variety of newlinediseases in both humans and animals. The heavy metals, after their entry in the body, tend to newlineaccumulate in many organs and tissues, especially in areas where physical, physiological, and newlinemetabolic responses and processes are more likely to occur newline