Bone Health and Risk Assessment of Menopausal Women for Osteoporosis and Strategic Diet Care Practices using Calcite Enriched Recipes

Abstract

Osteoporosis is a skeletal disorder where bones become porous and weak newlineleading to fractures. Though it occurs both in masculine and feminine gender, it is newlinepredominant among women in their menopausal stage. The prevalence of Osteoporosis newlineis on the rise. To manage the increased prevalence rate, the study was conceived and newlinecarried out with the following objectives i.e assess the risk factors associated with newlineosteoporosis among selected adult women, formulation of egg shell calcite powder and newlinedetermination of its characteristics, to develop calcite incorporated recipes and to create newlineawareness on calcite and its role in the prevention and management of osteoporosis. A newlinewell-structured interview schedule was developed to collect data from all the 1036 newlinesubjects. A pilot study on 60 subjects using three different osteoporosis risk estimation newlinetools revealed that ORAI tool (Osteoporosis Risk Assessment Instrument) returned the newlineclosest results to the actual BMD measurements done on the subjects. Hence ORAI was newlinechosen as the preferred tool to access the Osteoporosis risk of the larger subject group. newlineOut of the 1036 subjects, 678 were at risk of Osteoporosis. Of these 678 subjects, 416 newlinewere selected as subsample based on the inclusion criteria towards the actual BMD newlineassessment and awareness creation. The gathered data were analysed through SPSS newline(Statistical Package for Social Sciences). Egg shell calcite powder was developed and newline50 recipes were formulated incorporating the egg shell calcite powder and subjected to newlineorganoleptic evaluation. Among all the recipes prepared calcite powder was most newlinesignificant ingredient contributing calcium. Osteoporosis awareness was created to the newlineselected subjects. The knowledge level of the subjects had the most significant newlineassociation with the risk of onset of osteoporosis followed by their physical activity newlinelevel, age, calcium intake and finally exposure to sunlight in that order. The study newlinerevealed that there was a significant improvement in the knowledge level of the subjects after the aware