Investigation on performance and emission characteristics of ic engine using biodiesel with the addition of graphene oxide under different nozzle geometry

Abstract

Internal Combustion (IC) engines are being a vital part of industrial development over a period of years. It has attained a tremendous growth for usage in several industries such as public transport, agriculture and power generation. The increased oil cost, diminishing oil supplies and environmental problems promote the researchers to develop alternate energy sources. Biodiesels are one of the most promising substitutes for addressing these issues since they are renewable, biodegradable, and non-toxic. Edible, non-edible vegetable oils, animal fats and waste cooking oils are the commonly used raw materials for the production of biodiesel. In this context, Azadirachta Indica seed oil might be considered as a potential feedstock for biodiesel production due to its availability and low value. newlineThe experimental works are conducted in five different phases in a single-cylinder 4-stroke water-cooled direct injection compression ignition engine running at a constant speed of 1500 rpm to investigate the performance, combustion and emission characteristics. In this study, Neem Seed Oil (NSO) is considered as the feedstock for biodiesel production using transesterification process. The oil is converted as Neem oil methyl ester (NME). The prepared biodiesel is tested for its physical and chemical properties such as density, kinematic viscosity, flash point, fire point, cetane number, acid value and calorific value according to ASTM standards. The study is also investigated on different blends with the addition of graphene oxide (GO) nanoparticles. The impact of varying the nozzle hole geometry, injection pressure, addition of nanoparticles, injection timing and biodiesel blends are investigated and presented. newline