Design And Development Of Anti Virulence Agent Based Formulation Against Bacterial Infections

Abstract

newline Microbes utilize chemical-mediated communication process (quorum sensing) to newlineregulate expression of gene and other group activities within cell communities. Quorum newlinesensing (QS) is crucial process for producing wide range of virulent characteristics and newlinealso formation of biofilms. Biofilms are complicated bacterial groups which consist of newlinesmall-colonies immersed in and produced extracellular polymeric substances. It has been newlinereported that around 65% of pathogenic infections are associated with biofilm forming newlinebacteria, which primarily shows greater resistance to antibiotics resulting in persistent newlineinfections. The thorough understanding of underlying regulation mechanisms of biofilm newlineformation can offer various strategies to manage biofilm associated infections. newlinePseudomonas aeruginosa is more frequently seen to be associated with healthcare newlineinfections. The versatility of this pathogen to cause several infections is accepted newlineworldwide as it majorly affects aged and immune-compromised patients, HIV patients, newlineindividuals undergoing organ transplantation and people with severe burns and wounds. newlineUnlike other bacteria, P. aeruginosa, can grow in niches with high antibiotic pressure as newlinewell as may disturb the host-microbiota that may lead to increase in bacterial virulence or newlinepathogenicity, which make this bacterium to survive in adverse conditions thus causing newlinehigh morbidity and mortality due to antibiotic resistance. Being a multidrug-resistant newlinestrain, P. aeruginosa is becoming more strenuous to suppress because of its complex newlinebiofilm. The quorum-sensing loop in P. aeruginosa is controlled via expression of various newlinegene systems (las, Rhl, Iqs, and Pqs) for disseminating virulence, biofilm production and newlinesynthesis of signaling molecules. The expression of different QS systems took place in newlineresponse to the varying levels of cell density and to coordinate with biofilm formation. newlineAnti-microbial resistance emerged as a global challenge owing to limited therapeutic newlineoptions to control infection