Diagnosis and Management of Viral Diseases of Capsicum Capsicum annuum L var grossum Sendt under Protected Cultivation

Abstract

Capsicum (Capsicum annuum L. var. grossum Sendt.) is popularly growing newlinevegetable crop in the world. Diseases of viral nature affect production significantly. The newlinesurvey conducted during rabi 2017 and 2018 in seven districts of Karnataka under newlineprotected cultivation revealed that highest mean incidence (27.92%) of leaf curl disease newlinein Dharwad, mild mottle disease (27.61%) in Belagavi and mosaic disease (21.39%) in newlineChikkaballapur districts were recorded. newlineLeaf curl symptomatic capsicum plants were associated with chilli leaf curl and newlinetomato leaf curl viruses confirmed by PCR amplificpaption with CP genes at ~500 and newline~510 bp respectively. Mosaic, mottling and chlorotic ringspots were associated with newlineCucumber mosaic virus, Pepper mild mottle virus, Tobacco mosaic virus and newlineGroundnut bud necrosis virus amplified at ~381, ~730, ~481 and ~830 bp confirmed newlinethrough RT-PCR respectively. newlineThe transgenic capsicum (var. DMC-14) was developed by in-planta newlinetransformation method using Agrobacterium tumefaciens pHAB531 construct carrying newlineChiVMV-CP. Out of 16 T0 transgenic plants, only two plants were positive, while seven newlineplants out of 13 T1 transgenic plants were found to be positive for PCR and GUS newlineactivity respectively. Fourteen hybrids were screened against viral diseases, and none of newlinethem were resistant. However, six hybrids and eight hybrids were moderately newlinesusceptible to leaf curl and mosaic disease respectively. Two hybrids were moderately newlineresistant to mild mottle disease. newlineResults of integrated viral disease management revealed that lowest leaf curl newlinedisease (22.57%), mosaic and mottling (8.15%), least infestation of whiteflies (6.45%) newlineand aphids (1.11%) recorded in treatment with spraying of NSKE (0.4%), spinosad newline(0.03%) + azoxystrobin (0.05%), nimbecidine (0.5%) + fipronil (0.1%), nimbecidine newline(0.5%) + propargite (0.1%), thiomethoxam (0.05%), diafenthiuron (0.025%) at 15 days newlineinterval of each spray recorded significantly higher yield of 4.77 t/500 m2 with 3.72 newlinebenefit cost ratio, compared to control (2.50 t/500 m2 with 1.60