Study on anemia using epidermal Antenna sensor and establishing Correlation with diabetes

Abstract

In human body, anemia is caused due to iron deficiency. Anemia has affected more than 1.62 billion persons in the world. Anemia is more prevalent in women, when compared to men. Anemia has affected more than 42% of pregnant women in the world. Anemia in pregnant women leads to preterm birth and intrauterine restrictions. Furthermore, anemia causes ailments such as chest pain, fatigue, dizziness and irregular heartbeat. Anemia affects physical wellbeing and increases maternal risk in women. newlineIron deficiency in the blood is the major cause for anemia in human body. Anemia diagnose through age and colour of red blood cells, presence of haemoglobin and shape of blood cells. Blood samples of person are collected and evaluated for red cell morphology and count of red blood cell. In addition, anemia diagnose through various methods such as ferritin measure, methemoglobin count, reticulocyte count, complete blood count and peripheral smear. Ferritin measure determines the amount of iron content in blood. Carboxyhaemoglobin and methemoglobin count is measured through Blood Gas Analyser and age of red blood cells measures with reticulocyte test. Red blood cell shape and size analyse with peripheral smear analysis. Red cell shape and size observes through microscopic images. Furthermore, haemoglobin measurement from blood sample of person measures the anemia level. Moreover, the fluctuating anemia measurement is a challenging task. Frequent measurement of haemoglobin in human body is never possible with invasive method. In this thesis, a non-invasive method for diagnosing anemia with epidermal antenna is proposed. The proposed method diagnoses anemia at early stage and measures the fluctuating anemia newline