Analysis identification of active Botanical ingredients and relative Evaluation to decipher their role Against cancer cell lines

Abstract

Response surface methodology (RSM) was applied to determine the optimum Ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) conditions which gave a maximum extraction yield, total phenolic content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC) and radical scavenging activity (RSA) %DPPHRSA and % ABTSRSA from Asystasia gangetica (L.) T. Anderson leaves (AGL) and Andrographis echioides (L.) Nees whole plant (AEWP) using ethanol as the solvent of choice with low solvent usage and in a reasonable time. All the process variables exhibited significant (plt0.05) effect on UAE of AGL and AEWP extracts. ANOVA results showed the signs for all the responses of both plant extracts. For AGL, Box-Behnken Design (BBD) showed the obtained optimal UAE conditions were EtOH concentration of 61.48%, the liquid-to-solid ratio of 21.70 mL/g and sonication time of 43.41 min for the predicted responses, namely, the extraction yield of 21.10%, TPC of 13.59 mg GAE/g, TFC of 9.47 mg CAE/g and %DPPHRSA and %ABTSRSA of 90.86% and 87.75% respectively. For AEWP, BBD showed the obtained optimal UAE conditions were EtOH concentration of 77%, the liquid-to-solid ratio of 35 mL/g and sonication time of 41 min for the predicted responses, namely, the extraction yield of TFC of 11.01 mg CAE/g and %DPPHRSA and %ABTSRSA of 86.96% and 85.44% respectively. The obtained experimental values are in close agreement with the predicted values, signifying the suitability of developed models. SEM results show the UAE is more effective than convention extraction. The LC-ESI-MS/MS result reveals that the optimized AGL and AEWP hydroalcoholic extracts are rich in polyphenols/flavonoids and the most prominent compounds were flavanone, flavonol, flavones and flavonol glycoside. newline