Transition metal schiff base complexes containing pyridine moiety synthesis haracterization and cytotoxicity

Abstract

Identification and development of metallodrugs for cancer treatment is an active area of research. Several transition metal complexes have been used for the treatment of cancer. Platinum-based drugs have proved to be indispensable in cancer chemotherapy. However, these platinum-based drugs develop some side effects. Thus, there has been a curiosity to develop new metallodrugs with high efficacy, lesser side effects, and low clinical costs. Numerous studies suggest that DNA is the primary target for anticancer drugs due to the existence of a strong affinity between the base pairs of DNA and metallodrugs. Metal complexes interact with DNA through electrostatic interaction, covalent bonding, intercalation, groove binding, and hydrogen bonding. Also, many metal complexes can cleave DNA directly or in the presence of oxidizing or reducing agents. Studies on Cu(II), Ni(II), and Zn(II) complexes of multidentate ligands are an active area of research as they mimic the functions of various biological enzymes and involving in many therapeutic and catalytic applications. Copper can produce reactive oxygen species that may affect the oxidative modification in the DNA and interfere with the redox-related cellular signaling pathways. In biological systems, hydrolytic reactions are catalyzed by various nickel and zinc-containing enzymes. newlineLigands containing pyridine moiety are used to synthesize a large number of biologically and pharmaceutically relevant compounds. 2-hydroxy Schiff base compounds received considerable attention mainly due to the presence of strong intermolecular hydrogen bonds [(O H···N) and (O···H N)] and tautomerism between phenol-imines and keto-amine forms. newline