Study on the survival mechanisms of Pseudomonas aeruginosa on Nanopillar topography of dragonfly Pantala flavescens wing

Abstract

Biomedical implants are indispensable for those with tissue newlinedamage caused by trauma, tumor resection or wear and tear in the ageing newlinepopulation. Biomaterials provide temporary or permanent support at the site newlineof tissue damage. Infection in the biomedical implants is a menace and could newlinebe life-threatening. The rate of bacterial infection in implants range from 0.5- newline17.0%. The infected implant needs to be removed along with the tissues at newlinevicinity by revision surgery. The revision surgery inevitably makes the newlinepatient morbid and is cost ineffective. newlineConventional techniques to prevent biomaterial associated newlineinfections employ coating the implant with antibiotics, release of antibiotic at newlinea controlled rate, coating the implant with DNase I and glycoside hydrolase. newlineAntibiotic coatings would prevent bacterial infection for relatively short newlineperiod of time, as the biological molecules lose their potency over prolonged newlinestorage. Other setbacks of the antibiotic coated implants are cold-chain newlinerequirement and majorly the threat of bacteria developing drug resistance. newlineDevelopment of physical structures that targets the shape and newlinesize of the bacterium rather than their chemical moieties, would likely serve newlineas better antibacterial surfaces, as the bacteria developing resistance against newlinephysical means is unlikely. Recently, nanopillar topography identified on the newlinewings of insects such as dragonfly, cicada and damselfly were reported to be newlinebactericidal. Though the mechanism of bactericidal activity is ambiguous, newlinenanopillars mimicked on the artificial surfaces also rendered a bactericidal newlineeffect. Studies with Staphylococcus aureus and Klebsiella pneumoniae newlineshowed that these bacteria were reported to be killed in lower numbers newline