Cross layer approach and computational intelligence based Optimized routing in wireless multi hop ad hoc networks

Abstract

Smart mobile devices are the present day telephones. The popularity newlineof mobile applications and social networks has fuelled the widespread usage of newlinesmart mobile devices. There is no task that is impossible to do, using a smart newlinemobile device. A group of people having mobile devices and meeting at a place newlineunexpectedly can form an ad hoc wireless network for communication among newlinethem without dependence on any wired networking infrastructure. Such a newlinenetwork may be required for people like police, military, Red Cross or any other newlinepersonnel who gather at a place for purposes like disaster recovery, natural newlinecalamity, tackling riots, battle field, exhibition or ad hoc meetings. The features newlineand quality of service expected from a mobile device by the present generation is newlinevery high. Since the mobile devices are operated by battery with limited power newlineand less probability for availability of charging facility at ad hoc meetings, newlinepower conservation and energy efficient operation gains significance. newlineRouting is an important component of any communication network. newlineIn an ad hoc network, routing has to be done without any predetermined newlinetopology or centralized control. Ad hoc routing protocols face many distinct newlineproblems due to the mobility of nodes. Infrastructure less networking and newlinemobility of nodes result in dynamic formation of network and frequent topology newlinechanges. Further, ad hoc networking is essentially a multi-layer problem. For newlineexample, problems to be taken care in an ad hoc network routing protocol may newlinebe a capricious blend of power conservation in the physical layer, multiple newlineaccess control in the link layer and quality of service in the application layer. newlineThis necessitates a need for optimizing the multi-layer problem using a crosslayer newlineapproach and results in a multi-objective and multi-constraint optimization newlineproblem. newline