Aprotinin conjugated calcium phosphate chitosan nanocomposite as a biomimetic material for restorative dentistry A systematic study

Abstract

This work was designed based on the need to develop a material with newlinemultidimensional approach in the treatment and management of dental cavities for newlinerestorative dentistry. One of the major causes to be addressed in restorative dentistry is newlinethe formation of cavity that can lead to dental caries. This leads to loss of ions and is newlineaggravated when there is an attack by acidogenic bacteria like S. mutans. While the newlinecurrent treatment/management strategies focus on the above aspects, there is a limited newlineavailability of materials that aid in restoration via remineralization, protect teeth from newlineoral pathogenic bacteria and regenerate dentine. This work focuses on a biomimetic newlinematerial that addresses these aspects and also can promote regeneration by odontoblast newlinedifferentiation. Calcium phosphate nanoparticles (CPNP) incorporated with chitosan newline(CS) was prepared as a nanocomposite and was entrapped with bioactive component newlinechlorogenic acid (CA), characterized and its effective antibacterial mechanism studied. newlineTo promote remineralization, aid cell adhesion, and also to reduce the enzymatic newlineactivity of S. mutans, the nanocomposite (CPNPatCS) was fabricated with CA, newlinedexamethasone (DMS), collagen (COL) and aprotinin (APN). The prepared biomaterial newlinewas characterized, its biocompatibility determined, ion release kinetics studied and its newlineanti-biofilm activity determined. The biomimetic material indicated possible promising newlineeffects through the presence of various components in the nanocomposite newline(CPNPatCSatCAatDMSatCOLatAPN) as an effective restorative material for dental newlineapplication. To further confirm its restoration potential in dental applications, a rat newlineanimal model was chosen to induce cavities and to understand the restorative potential newlineof nanocomposite. In vivo results of animal model indicated remineralizing activity of newlinethe nanocomposite along with improvement in pre-dentine thickness. Ex vivo studies newlineon human teeth indicated the remineralizing capability of the nanocomposite by newlineHRSEM analysis, suggesting the multidimensional approach of nanocomposite newline(CPNPatCSatCAatDMSatCOLatAPN) in restorative dentistry. newline