Piperazine Based Transition Metal Organic Cocrystals for Nonlinear Optical Applications

Abstract

Lasers are an inherent part of human life in the modern era due to their significant newlinecontributions in space science, medicine, communication, and military sciences. newlineBeing a high energy source, lasers can damage human tissues and sensitive optical components. newlineTherefore, the parallel development of efficient laser protecting materials is newlineas important as engineering new and requirement-based laser sources. Materials used newlineagainst the lasers for protection are required to be nonlinear optical active. In that sense, newlineoptical limiting deals with various spectroscopic diagnostics, materials science and the newlinephysics of optoelectronic phenomena. The physicochemical stability with efficient nonlinear newlineoptical properties is the main concern of a device-grade optical limiter an endeavour newlineto fulfil such desire needs metallo-organic materials. Transition metals being newlineused as inorganic part of self-assembled metal-organic cocrystals improve mechanical newlinestability and introduce various levels in the energy hierarchy, which helps to enhance newlinethe optical nonlinearity that arose from its organic counterpart. Of such species, newlinea series of piperazine based transition metal-organic cocrystals of MCl2Pphz (M = newlineMn, Co, Ni, Cu, Cd; Pphz = Piperazine), f[MnCl2(H2O)2(C4H11N2)2](H2O)2(Cl)2gn newlinePMn, fCoCl4(C4H12N2)(H2O)gn PCo, f[NiCl2(H2O)2(C4H11N2)2](H2O)2(Cl)2gn PNi, newlinefCuCl4(C4H12N2)(H2O)gn PCu, f[CdCl3OH2]2(C4H12N2)gn PCd were synthesized by newlinean aqueous slow solvent evaporation method. Single crystals of each material were newlinegrown by optimizing various crystal growth parameters. Spectroscopic, mechanical, newlinethermal, dielectric, linear and nonlinear optical properties of the synthesized materials newlinewere investigated to determine their suitability for device construction. The nonlinear newlineoptical parameters such as third order nonlinear optical susceptibility (_(3)), nonlinear newlineoptical absorption (_) and nonlinear refractive index (n2) of MCl2Pphz cocrystals were newlinestudied for the first time. Optical limiting properties of MCl2Pphz cocrystals were investigated newlinefor