Detection and prevention of wormhole attack in vehicular ad hoc network

Abstract

newline Vehicular Ad-hoc Network (VANET) is a subclass of Mobile Ad-hoc Network (MANET) which provides the safety measure and other different applications to the drivers of the vehicles. The goal of VANET is to fulfill the requirements of users on roadside area, which improves the safe and comfortable journey. Owing to the wireless nature and dynamic topology, vehicular ad-hoc network is sensitive towards various types of assaults, in which wormhole assault is one of them. This type of attack disturbs the working of various routing protocols such as Ad-hoc On demand Distance Vector (AODV) and Dynamic Source Routing (DSR) routing protocols. Secure routing is the main issue in VANET. newlineIn this research work, first the impact of wormhole attack is analyzed on RR (reactive routing) in VANET by taking various node densities. The impact is analyzed in the form of throughput, PDR (packet delivery ratio) and end to end delay, to see the severity of this assault. newlineVarious approaches are also proposed to detect the wormhole assault, so that VANET s routing can be made more secure. These detection techniques are based on multipath and ML(machine learning) concepts. In ML based approach two models namely k-NN and random forest are used. The detection approach based on multipath concept is new technique for VANET. In existing research work the multipath detection approach is used for WSN. The detection capability of k-NN and random forest ML models, is better as compare to other existing ML models. newlineFurthermore various approaches are also proposed to prevent the wormhole assault from vehicular ad-hoc network. These prevention approaches are based on multipath, cryptographic, packet leash and clustering and digital signature concepts. The prevention technique based on the multipath is innovative for VANET. In existing research it is used for WSN. The cryptographic based approach is also capable to prevent the wormhole assault from VANET, it is proved in this research work by analytically. Packet leash based approach is als