Numerical analysis of performance combustion and emission characteristics of micro algae bio fuel

Abstract

Alternative fuels have been a major concern in today s era due to its promising characteristics in internal combustion engines. The computational analysis is a proven method by many researchers in determining combustion, performance and emission characteristics of an internal combustion engine, offering accurate results at par with experimental results. In this research study, microalgae spirulina biodiesel from the spirulina species as an alternative fuel for CI engines has been projected. As a first stage of the research work of nine different alternative biofuels and pure diesel has been carried out and characterized. The numerical results of the different biofuels have depicted the possibility of using the fuels as alternative fuel for internal combustion engine. For this purpose a single cylinder, naturally aspirated, water cooled, direct injection diesel engine was used for this investigation. newlineIn order to reduce the emission parameters of the engine run on the five different categories of alternative fuel. Numerical analysis shows that most effected NOX pollutant emission for soybean (edible) by 21.79%, jojoba curcas (non-edible) by 23.0%, chicken fats (animal fats) by31.2%, grease oil (waste oil) by 15.8% and butanol (alcohol) by 94.56%. The PM emission are reduced by 45.59, 84.97, 93.78, 23.83, and 48.18% for soybean, microalgae, poultry fats, frying oil and pentanol respectively and also reductions in smoke emission by 93.8, 93.43, 92.26, 89.14 and 79.14% for sunflower, karanja oil, fish oil, frying oil and pentanol respectively. The most effected summary of emissions (SE) are reduced by 3.91, 15.66, 43.37, 3.01 and 37.65% for soybean, jojoba curcas, veal oil, grease oil and pentanol respectively; at full load. newlineFurther study, five different categories of alternative fuel was directly used in the diesel engine with the help of a reduction in ignition delay. The study shows maximum power and cylinder peak pressure obtained were of 17.65% for coconut oil and 1.5%, 0.77%, 2.3%, and 17.8% for rapeseed oil, fish oil and veal oil, waste frying oil and propanol biodiesel respectively. The combustion duration obtained to be higher for biodiesels compared to diesel fuel. Simulation results are conducted under different engine loads, constant speed (1500 rpm) and advanced injection timing 23.0° b TDC with higher injection pressure. newlineIn the fourth technique, microalgae spirulina biodiesel (MSB) with B20 blend was at different engine speeds, 1200, 1500, and 1800 rpm with various loads. The results revealed that, Result shows that MSB-B20 a reduction of 1.63, 1.2, 0.55, 10.5, 6.2 and 2.6% in parameters like, cylinder pressure, brake thermal efficiency, indicated thermal efficiency, particulate matter, oxides of nitrogen and smoke emission than that of diesel. At full load, the MSB-B20 shows an increase by newlineII newline5.08%, 4.5%, 2.45% and 2.7% for the parameters of specific fuel consumption, peak heat release rate, ignition delay period, and carbon dioxide emission respectively compared to that diesel. newlineThe MSB-B20 blend was chosen as the better all the tested blends in terms of combustion, performance and emission parameters, when diesel fuel was used in diesel engine. The result depicts firstly that there is a reduction in brake thermal efficiency by 0.98%, exhaust gas temperature by 1.7%, hydrocarbon (HC) by 16.3%, carbon monoxide (CO) by 3.6%, NOX emission by of 6.8%, and smoke emission by 12.35% respectively. Secondly, there is an increase in specific fuel consumption by up to 5.2% and CO2 emission by 2.8% for spirulina blend ratio (MSB-B20) as compared to diesel at full load. newline