A statistical analysis of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus progressing to depression in a tertiary CARE hospital

Abstract

Depression is a highly prevalent psychological problem among patients with type II diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and can lead to poor treatment compliance, higher risk of complications and worsening of quality of life. But studies have reported gross under diagnosis of depression among diabetic population due to scarcity of data on the prevalence of depression and it s impact.The overall prevalence of depression in the study population was 28%, with proportion of mild, moderate and severe depression being 5%, 13%, and 10% respectively. The factors which had shown statistically significant association with higher prevalence of depression were female gender, those working in unskilled or semi-skilled occupations, and low adherence to diabetes treatment. The treatment compliance to diabetic medication was poor in the study population, as only 24% of the study population had high compliance to medication, with 45% and 31% having medium and low compliance. After the intervention, there was statistically significant improvement in the physical health domain (17.72±2.281 at baseline to25.56±3.367 at 6 months, P value lt0.001), psychological health domain (16.32±2.174 to 22.64±2.343, p value lt 0.001) and in the overall WHO QOL score (5.96±1.23 to 6.71±1.15, P value lt 0.001). There was a statistically significant decline observed in the glycaemic control parameters indices from baseline to 6 months in the study population. The mean HbA1c had declined from to from 9.15±1.220 at baseline to 8.328±1.600 at 6 months (P value 0.003). 7. There was a decline in the overall proportion and the percentage of subjects with different severities of depression after the intervention. Out of the 28 subjects treated, 75% of them had no depression at follow up. Only 3 (10.7%) and 1 (3.57%) subject had moderate, severe depression as compared to 14 (50%) and 11 (39.3%) subjects at the baseline. The proportion of subjects with low and medium level of adherence have increased after the intervention, compared to baseline. newline