Synthesis and characterization of defect ordered tin halide double perovskites for photocatalyst and solar cell applications

Abstract

Energy and environmental issues are the biggest challenges of 21st newlineCentury. It is well known fact that the amount of crude oil extracted is newlinedirectly proportional to the investment made, the energy price will increase newlinewith investment on the other hand if the investment decreases, and the newlineproduction will decrease increasing the price. This tends us to turn towards newlinethe renewable energy like wind, heat, Bio-fuel and solar energy. Among them newlinesolar is most reliable and abundant, especially in countries like India. Some of newlinethe organic pollutants which are coming from industries affect the newlineenvironmental condition and they make an adverse impact on public health newlineand social economy. There are several methods have been developed to newlinedegradation of dye among which, photocatalytic degradation seems to be the newlinemost convenient approach. Therefore, materials are essential with superior newlineproperties like efficient, low-cost and improved charge separation for the newlinedegradation of pollutants wastage in water streams and solar energy newlineconversion. In this aspect, the materials with perovskite structure could be newlinesuitable materials for both degradation of dye and solar cell applications. newlineIn the present study we have synthesized bare and mixed defect newlineperovskite materials such as methyl ammonium Tin Chloride [(CH3NH3)2 newlineSnCl6,MA2SnCl6], Cesium Tin Chloride [Cs2SnCl6], Rubidium Tin Chloride newline[Rb2SnCl6], Cesium doped with Methyl ammonium tin chloride newline[MA0.50Cs0.50)2SnCl6], Cesium incorporated rubidium tin chlorides newline[Rb0.75Cs0.25)2SnCl6] and (Rb0.50Cs0.50)2SnCl6 by using wet chemical method. newline