Properties and applications of Surfactant

Abstract

The study describes the interaction between the hydrotropes and the newlineconventional surfactant sodium dodecyl sulfate. The various physicochemical newlineproperties of the mixed surfactant-hydrotrope system were determined by newlineconductivity, surface tension, density and viscosity. The effect of 3- newlinenitrobenzene sulfonic acid sodium salt (NBS), 4,5 dihydroxy 1,3 benzene newlinedisulfonate (DHB), sodium benzene 1,3 disulfonate (BDS), hydroquinone newlinesulfonic acid sodium salt (HSK) on the micellization of conventional newlinesurfactant, sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) in aqueous solution at different newlinetemperature which were investigated. Conductivity and surface tension newlinemeasurements methods were used to determine the critical micelle newlineconcentration (CMC) of pure and mixed surfactant-hydrotrope systems which newlineis an important characteristic property of a surfactant. The thermodynamic newlineparameters such as standard Gibbs energy change of micellization( G°mic), newlinestandard enthalpy change of micellization ( H°mic) and standard entropy newlinechange of micellization ( S°mic) were evaluated to know the spontaneity of the newlinesystem. The surface tension measurements for all the mixed surfactanthydrotrope newlinesystems were performed at 298.15 K and the surface parameters newlinewere determined. The surface parameters such as the surface pressure at the newlinecmc ( CMC), the surfactant concentration required to reduce the surface newlinetension by 20 mN/m (C20), maximum surface excess concentration at the newlineair/water interface ( max), minimum surface area (Amin), standard Gibb s free newlineenergy of micellization ( G°mic), standard Gibb s free energy of adsorption newline( G°ads) were evaluated. newline