Growth of 4 nitrophenol derivative organic single crystals for nonlinear optical applications

Abstract

Single crystal are the building block of modern technology. Crystal growth is a multidisciplinary subject that encompasses several disciplines such as physics, chemistry, materials science, metallurgy, crystallography and mineralogy. The impact of high-quality single crystals is visualized in the recent developments of nonlinear optic (NLO) and microelectronics industries. Nevertheless, growth of high-quality and defect free single crystals is greatly needed for the device fabrication. In addition, the crystal growth of novel nonlinear optical materials and investigation of their properties have become most essential in the field of materials science and engineering. Among the organic compounds, 4-nitrophenol (4NP) derivative single newlinecrystals have drawn particular interest in recent years because of their remarkable NLO and physical properties. In this perspective, the present work deals with the growth and characterization of 4-nitrophenol family single crystals such as newline4-aminopyridinium 4-nitrophenolate 4-nitrophenol (4AP4NP), 4- dimethylaminopyridinium 4-nitrophenolate 4-nitrophenol (DMAPNP), quinoline 4-nitrophenol (QNP), Triphenylphosphine oxide 4-nitrophenol (TP4N) and 2-aminopyridinium 4-nitrophenolate 4-nitrophenol (2AP4NP). The 4NP family single crystals have been grown by various low temperature solution growth methods including slow evaporation, unidirectional Sankaranarayanan-Ramasamy (SR) and Immersing ampoule Sankaranarayanan Ramasamy (ISR) for NLO applications. newline newline