Enhancing Wide Area Back Up Protection Schemes for Power Transmission Network

Abstract

Transmission network forms an integral part of the power system network. With an increase in newlineelectricity demand, the transmission network is more interconnected and operates closer to its newlineoperating limits to provide maximum transmission. Hence, it is susceptible to disturbances such newlineas faults and stressed conditions .Distance relay have been extensively used to provide primary as newlinewell as back-up protection to the transmission lines. Over years, major blackouts have occurred newlinearound the world as a result of cascading outages due to relay maloperation. The maloperation of newline3rd zone remote back-up protection occurs due to stressed conditions such as power swing, load newlineencroachment and voltage stressed conditions. newlineLimitations of existing remote back-up protection to provide dependable operation for varying newlinefault parameters and secure operation for stressed conditions have encouraged the usage of widearea newlinemeasurements (WAMs) to provide back-up protection. It consist of information from phasor newlinemeasurement units (PMUs) and digital relays to perform the wide-area back-up protection newline(WABP). The existing PMU based schemes has concerns such as high deployment cost, newlinedependability on accurate communication channels and measurement noise. The aforementioned newlinelimitations necessitates the development of simple, efficient and reliable back-up protection for newlinetransmission system dealing with several fault and stressed conditions.