Risk Factors and Management of Tempero mandibular disorder

Abstract

Temporomandibular joints (TMJ) are the bilateral synovial articulation between temporal bone newlineand lower jaw, seen on each side of the jaws. Temporomandibular joint disorders (TMD) can newlinebe defined as the tenderness of the jaws and dysfunction of the associated muscles of newlinemastication and the temporomandibular joints, which connect the mandible to the skull. The newlineexact cause of TMD still remains mysterious and unclear. However, the possible attributes of newlineTMD are arthritis, trauma or blow to the TMJ, excessive gum chewing and bruxism. TMD newlineoften presents with soreness of the jaw muscles, clicking and popping sounds, ear and jaw pain newlineand lockjaw. Patients are usually treated with ice packs, gentle massage at the jaw area and newlineprescription of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). This study sought to evaluate newlinethe incidence rate, age and gender differences of TMD among patients reporting to Saveetha newlineDental College and Hospital. Data collection was done in a dental university setting. Data newlineregarding patients having TMD were retrieved after analysing 86000 case sheets. The newlinefollowing parameters were evaluated based on the dental records; age, gender and types of newlineTMD. Chief complaints, medical and dental history and treatment report of the patients were newlineexamined for the data collection. Excel tabulation and SPSS version 23 was used for data newlineanalysis. The statistical test used for the demographics was frequency distribution. Chi-square newlinet test was used to test the association between age, gender and types of TMD. The prevalence newlineof temporomandibular disorders was higher in female patients (51.9%) than male patients newline(48.1%). The most frequent age group affected with temporomandibular disorders was 31-40 newlineyears (36.7%). Disc-condyle disorder (75.9%) is the most frequent sub-type of newlinetemporomandibular disorders present in the patients. There was increased prevalence of newlinedegenerative and disc-condyle disorders in females than in male subjects.