Evaluation of the Role of Soluble ST2 BNP in Diagnosis Prognosis Management in Patients of Congestive Cardiac Failure

Abstract

Introduction- Heart failure (HF), often referred to as congestive heart failure (CHF), occurs when the heart is unable to pump sufficiently to maintain blood flow to meet the oxygenation needs of the body. newlineThe prevalence of heart failure in Indian community was 1.2 per 1000 individuals and the mortality was about 0.1 to 0.16 million individuals per year Many patients with abnormal ventricular systolic function on imaging studies are asymptomatic and do not necessarily have the clinical syndrome of HF, and may not report for the treatment to the hospital. newlineThe role of biomarkers to predict the onset of HF, to identify its presence when fully developed, to stratify the risk in affected patients and also to serve as a biological tool to guide therapy for HF is being actively examined. Along with availability of BNP which is an accepted biomarker in heart failure, other new biomarkers are identified and their role is being evaluated. sST2 is a new biomarker originating by different mechanisms and so, in the present study an effort was made to evaluate the role of soluble ST2 and compare it with the standard biomarker BNP in diagnosis, management and prognosis in participants of congestive cardiac failure. newlineObjectives: newline newlineMaterial and methods- This was a Prospective, Open Label study carried out in Tertiary care hospitals. Sample size of 70 was considered adequate for our study. Participants fitting into our inclusion and exclusion criteria and those giving informed consent were enrolled in the study. newlineAt recruitment, echocardiogram was done to evaluate ejection fraction and NYHA category. Blood was also collected at the recruitment for the evaluation of biomarkers- BNP and sST2. Participants were then followed up at 1 month, 3 months, 6 months and 1 year from the day of recruitment- for the medication history, to find the number of hospitalizations, death and biomarker estimation. newline newline