Fabrication of Enzymatic and Non Enzymatic Electrochemical Sensors for the Detection of Chemical and Biomolecules in Environmental and Food Samples

Abstract

The most important biological change which has to be monitored is the newlinemechanism of ageing in the human body. Here the mitochondria play a major role and the newlinecorresponding release of H2O2 was said to be the important marker for the reactive oxygen newlinespecies, as it denatures the protein and DNA was the main contributory factor of ageing. For newlineanalyzing those changes, the accurate sensing of H2O2 is needed for understanding the newlinebiological metabolism. From the past several decades, researchers have developed newlineinnovative hybrid materials to fabricate various kinds of sensors (example: colorimetric, newlineelectrochemical, fluorescent, disposable, paper, flexible thin films-based sensors, etc.). newlineCurrently, electrochemical transducers which were made by using 1D and 2D nanomaterials newlineare becoming more useful for the accurate sensing of various molecules. This thesis work newlinewas focused on the preparation of nanocomposites using 1D, 2D and conducting polymer by newlinevarious methods and their use in the development of electrochemical sensors. In the first newlinechapter, HA (Humic acid) was used as a dispersant for the preparation of HNT (Halloysite newlinenanotube) solution. The HA/HNT film was characterized by UV Vis and XRD newline