Studies on production of bioethanol from corncob and palmyra peel using magnetic carbonaceous solid acid nanocatalyst

Abstract

The inevitable decrement of fossil fuels and the environmental impact due to the combustion of fossil fuels has resurrected interest in developing alternative energy sources that are environmental friendly and renewable Bioethanol produced from lignocellulosic biomass is a renewable source of energy Cellulose contains high energy sugars which can be broken down and transformed into biofuels like ethanol This study aims to develop effective multifunctional catalyst andcatalytic single-stage processes for transforming cellulose into bioethanol Inrecent years cellulose conversion using catalytic activities and advancedcatalysts was seen with the advancement of nanotechnology Nanoparticles have gained importance in different areas of research owing to theirexceptional properties The size surface area shape morphology and crystallinity determine the nanoparticle s nature reactivity and characteristics which imparts new developments in the field of catalysis Utilizing the greener method for the synthesis of nanoparticles seems to be a viable lowcost and environmentalfriendly approach Hence this research work is focused on the hydrothermal green synthesis of iron oxide nanoparticles using Spinaciaoleracealeaf extract and it was heterojunctioned with activated carbon synthesized using Syzygiumcumini seed powder Furthermore the catalyst was functionalized by sulfonation to produce active sites newline