Robust wideband spectrum sensing And prevention of primary user Emulation attack in cognitive Radio network

Abstract

The tremendous developments in communication and signal processing technologies have led to an exponential growth in wireless networks and information traffic that could provide high data rate services to a large number of users. This demands a heavy toll on spectrum usage and has led to spectrum scarcity issues. As per the current static spectrum allocation policy by regulatory bodies like Federal Communications Commission (FCC), the licensed users are assigned few channels for specific wireless technologies and services. The unlicensed users cannot access these channels even if they are not used. On the other hand, from the spectrum measurements carried out by FCC it is found that within the assigned spectrum some portions are heavily used while others are sparsely used, especially in the TV spectrum band. These sparsely used spectrum contribute to spectrum holes leading to inefficiency in the spectrum usage. A solution to overcome this spectrum scarcity problem can be made possible if the spectrum holes can be effectively utilized. An intelligent radio was proposed by Mitola in 1999 called Cognitive Radio (CR) which is designed to detect the available channels through its observing and learning capability and assign those channels to secondary users through its decision making capability. Thus, CR with its dynamic resource allocation capability, is looked upon to be the solution provider for the challenges in wireless communication services, as per the needs raised in terms of Quality of Service (QoS) and data rates. The first implementation of CR is achieved through the IEEE 802.22 standard in which unlicensed secondary users are enabled to use the TV white spaces in VHF and UHF bands. newline