A 2-D coupled surface and sub-surface flow model for river flow simulation with piedmont zone

Abstract

The interaction between surface and groundwater flow in a non-prismatic river has been a topic of interest among researchers since last three decades. Existence of piedmont zone in the river bed changes the downstream flow scenario significantly. Downstream flow situation assessed by routing of upstream hydrograph may yield erroneous flow assessment, if the existence of such piedmont zone is ignored. Moreover, most of the researchers, to reduce complexity, carried out hydrodynamic studies neglec