Anticancer activity of Sida acuta Burm f leaves against colon cancer by in vivo and in vitro approaches

Abstract

newline Colon cancer (CC) is a devastating cancer that originates in the large intestine. Its incidence and mortality rate are increasing worldwide with the improvement of living standards and lifestyle changes in recent years especially in developing countries. Due to lack of effective medicines and diagnostic tools, controlling CC has become difficult. Chemotherapy, radiotherapy, immunotherapy and surgery are the most common available treatments, but patients were afflicted with severe side effects including alopecia, bleeding immunosuppression and diarrhea which results in more complication. To avoid the undesired effects of chemotherapy and surgical complications, alternative strategies are being explored like phyto therapeutics. Successful integration of in vitro and in vivo experimental data sets can afford projections of human dose regimens anticipated to be safe and therapeutically beneficial. While in vitro experiments guide new chemical synthesis and are essential to understand the mechanism of drug action and disposition, in vivo characterizations provide unique insight into complex biological systems that control concentrations at the site of action and pharmacologic response. In this regard present study is aimed at determining the anticancer efficacy of Sida acuta Burm.f leaves and its phyto-constituents using azoxymethane induction rat model and colon HCT-116 cells. A goal of this preclinical discovery is the identification of drug candidates suitable for clinical testing.