Certain investigations on Synchrophasor based monitoring and Protection of power grids with Renewable energy sources

Abstract

Power or Energy is one of the important components that contributes towards the growth of a nation. Currently, the load demand is met through fossil fuel-based generations. The adverse effects of fossil fuel-based generation are that they degrade the environment with greenhouse gases and causes a serious threat to climate in terms of global warming. In this context, United Nations Development Programme has also emphasized the importance of Renewable Energy Sources (RES) in providing affordable and clean energy in their sustainable development goals. Integration of RES systems pose a threat to operation and control of traditional power systems. Issues related to integration of RES in the transmission grid are as follows. Distance protection schemes are deployed for the protection of transmission lines. With integration of RES, the impedance read by the distance relays gets altered and leads to maloperation of distance relays. For enhancing power transfer capability of transmission lines, series compensation capacitors are generally deployed. Interaction of control circuitry of converters of RES with the series compensation capacitor triggers undamped power oscillations that grows rapidly, leading to tripping of transmission infrastructure. Some of the issues related to integration of RES in distribution grid are Islanding detection Power quality issues etc The currently available SCADA based grid monitoring system is not reliable as the SCADA system lacks dynamic visibility of various events happening on the power grid. In this research, synchrophasor are widely deployed to overcome the issues related to grid integration of large-scale RES. As a preliminary work, Synchrophasor or Phasor Measurement Unit (PMU) is modelled, simulated and implemented through hardware components in MATLAB and LabVIEW environments newline