Study of the Comparative Physico Chemical Analysis of Potable and Polluted Ganga River Water at Kanpur and Unnao District of Uttar Pradesh

Abstract

All the segments of the environment are being polluted in various ways; the study of water pollution is selected as it is not an ordinary liquid but is the elixir of life. We know that water is the most universal liquid but it is also one of the most extraordinary because of its unique properties. Kanpur and Unnao is one of the most important industrial cities in the state of Uttar Pradesh. In Kanpur and Unnao there are various industries, leather industries, cement manufacturing unit, chemicals, explosives, ceramics and distillery units and large number of small and medium industries. newlineIf we analyze the data of various Physico-chemical parameters, we found that some parameters like DO, pH, Hardness, Electrical Conductivity, Chloride, total Alkalinity and heavy metals Iron, cadmium, chromium are found to be more than the allowable limit in some Ganga river water samples of the areas under study. Plankton abundance in the river Ganga at Kanpur is depicted in the increasing trend of plankton abundance was observed up to 2016 but after 2017 plankton abundance revealed a declining trend in Ganga at Kanpur over time. The Water Quality Index (WQI) value indicates that water samples of some areas are such that this water can not be used for drinking purpose because of high contamination. The water pollution is more in downstream of river Ganga in comparison of upstream. The contamination is becoming a great problem in water bodies especially in the Ganga River water. It is reported by several agencies that the Ganga River water of those are highly contaminated. The threat of pollution is increasing day by day. In some places the problem of water pollution is very high and in some places, it is approaching the allowable limit. For the proposed research project ten sampling sites i.e. Bithoor, Ganga Barrag, Paramath Ghat, Sarsiaya Ghat, Rani Ghat, Miaskar Ghat, Jajmau, Dhori Ghat, Shuklaganj, Ganga Ghat have been selected along the complete stretch of river Ganga in the Kanpur and Unnao district.