Adsorption based technology for the removal of methylene blue dye by using banana plant as low cost agricultural adsorbents

Abstract

Methylene blue dye is used as a stain and as a pharmaceutical drug. The inhalation of MB dye can cause breathing problems, nausea, vomiting, and mental confusion. Hence the removal of MB dye from the industrial effluent has become a great concern for researchers. Banana is 2nd largest produce fruit after citrus contributing about 16% of the world s total fruit production. So, we know that after the production of fruit the whole banana plant becomes useless. It creates a lot of waste products. Therefore, I have done this experiment to solve the problem in the natural environment. To fulfill the objectives of the study, banana stem, leaf, Alkaline-treated banana stem biochar (ATBSB), and Alkaline-treated banana leaf biochar (ATBLB) were used for the adsorption study, and these banana tissues were used as adsorbents. Methylene blue (MB) dye was used as an adsorbate. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectrophotometry (FTIR), and Raman spectroscopy were used to characterize adsorbents. The present work is a noble work, which can be used for the treatment of large amounts of MB Dye wastewater through adsorption technology. We have got results after the experiment maximum 93.3 % MB dye removal at pH 8, contact time 80-minutes, rpm 150, temperature 300 K, and 1 gram adsorbent in 50 ml MB dye solution at initial concentration 25ppm by using batch adsorption process in the banana stem as well as 96.59 % MB dye removal from 0.8 grams adsorbent dose with respect of constant time, pH, rpm, and temperature by alkaline-treated banana stem biochar. In the case of Banana leaf, we have got results of 83.6 % MB dye removal at pH 8, contact time 50-minutes, rpm 150, temperature 300 K, and 1 gram adsorbent in 50 ml MB dye solution at initial concentration 25ppm as well as 87.51 % MB dye removal from 0.8-gram adsorbent dose time 80 min. with respect to constant pH, rpm, and temperature by alkaline-treated banana leaf biochar. Adsorption Isotherm completed that the adsorption of MB on the banana stem, leaf