Synthesis and Characterization of Bismuth and Rare Earth Doped Ni Zn Nanoferrites

Abstract

Ferrites have been regarded as essential materials due to their unique features such as high Curie newlinetemperature, low eddy current loss, high permittivity, permeability, resistance and greater newlinemagnetization among others. Soft ferrites have tremendous applications in various fields, including newlinehigh-frequency components, supercapacitor, microwave absorption, biomedical, sensors and newlinebiosensors, low-temperature co-fired ceramic (LTCC) devices and photo-catalytic activity. newlineResearchers are interested in magnetic properties of nickel zinc ferrites because of their vast newlineapplications such as magnetic fluids, high-density storage devices, microwave devices, newlinetransformer cores and so on. These nano magnetic materials have a very high surface to volume newlineratio as compared to the bulk, which gives them unique features including surface anisotropy, spin newlinecanting, superparamagnetism etc. In the present work, bismuth doped Ni-Zn ferrite samples have newlinebeen synthesized via citrate precursor technique. The nanoferrites are synthesized at temperature newline700°C for the optimization of structural, morphological, optical, electric, dielectric and magnetic newlineproperties of which are carried out by using X-ray Diffraction, (XRD), Field- Emission Scanning newlineElectron Microscope (FE-SEM), High- Resolution Transmission Electron Microscope (HR-TEM), newlineX-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS), Reflection Electron Energy Loss Spectroscopy newline(REELS), Ultra-violet Photoelectron Spectroscopy (UPS), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), I-V Plot, dielectric and Vibrating Sample Magnetometer (VSM).