Development of Novel Bioresorbable Scaffold for Bone Tissue Engineering

Abstract

The present research was aimed at developing a novel bioresorbable scaffold for bone newlineregeneration in maxillofacial region. The design was conceptualized to mimic the newlineanatomical aspects of natural bone consisting cortex and medulla. The design was newlinedeveloped through CAD. Alveolar bone is the principal bony extension of basal bone newlinewhich houses the teeth. Loss of tooth leads to progressive resorption creating a defect in newlinealveolar bone. Alveolar defect and dimensional loss was determined by conducting a newlineretrospective analysis of CBCT. The design was hypothesized to have differential newlineresorption. The inner core undergoes resorption in pace with bone formation allowing newlinebone matrix to get deposited within it while the outer capsule undergoes slower newlineresorption protecting the forming bone inside it. Literature considers calcium newlinephosphate materials as one of the materials of choice as it consists calcium and newlinephosphorous which are compositionally similar to bone. BCP was considered for newlinefabrication of outer shell, PLGA for inner core considering the admirable control they newlineallow over their degradation, biocompatibility and amenability to undergo various newlineprocessing methods. Pure HA was prepared through solution combustion method. and#914;-TCP newlineand PLGA were procured. Since calcium phosphate compounds can undergo thermal newlinedecomposition they were subjected to precalcination at 10000 newlinec for 2 hours. The powder newlinewas then subjected to XRD for analysis. The powder did not show morphological newlinechanges. It retained the chemical nature of HA and and#946;-TCP. 1H NMR and 13C NMR was newlineperformed on PLGA to confirm the lactide/glycolide ratio, end group and its block newlinelength. The biocompatibility was assessed using MTT assay using two most prominent newlinecell lines L929 representing fibroblasts (soft tissues compatibility) and MG63 cell lines newlinerepresenting osteogenic cell lines (hard tissues). The results showed the compounds to newlinebe biocompatible. Outer shell was fabricated using die pressing method.