An Exploratory Data Analysis Perspective of Hate Speech in Political Context

Abstract

Hate speech is becoming a very imperative problem in social as well as political context. It newlinereflects an intolerance to be different (on the basis of ethnicity, caste and creed, religiously, newlineracially, politically, etc.). As a matter of fact, a data generator (user), who uses hate speech newlinewants to enlighten their identity among others and as a consequence of such activities somehow newlineleads to hate deeds and conduct. newlineSocial media platforms have now become very powerful and influential. The Internet, newlineespecially social media, acts as a turbo accelerator of hate speech in any context. It is a newlinecommunication channel that plays a significant role in opposing hate speech and intensifying newlineit as well. newlineAccording to the code of conduct for social media by the European Union, Hate Speech is newlineclassified as the text that hurt someone s emotions and attacks them on the basis of their newlineethnicity, caste, nation of origin, religion, disability or some type of disease. Some social media newlinelike : Twitter, also provides a policy which applies to promoted tweets and prohibits the newlinepromotion of sensitive content. This research work proposes the mining of web content for newlineavailable political speeches and then classifying them as hate speech or benign speech by newlineapplying machine learning classifiers with NLP techniques. This work presents background on newlinehate speech and its automatic detection approaches. Furthermore, the concept of OpenAI for newlinedetection of hate speech with help of pretrained models in Open AI GPT3 is also used and newlineimplemented. Generative Pre-Trained Transformer-3 (GPT-3) language model is capable of newlinegenerating hate speech directed at a certain community or group. newlineIn the present study, a dataset is created for political hate speeches from SNS, and has been newlineused to train the developed algorithms which can classify the input text to hate/benign speech. newline