Marine algal diversity of Odisha coast and screening of their therapeutic efficacy

Abstract

The Bay of Bengal is considered as an enormous marine ecosystem restricted by newlineterritory of many countries. It is a semi-enclosed tropical basin under robust influence of newlinetropical monsoon and ingress of large influx of fresh water from major River and newlinerivulets. The east coast of Odisha is long coastal line covering the districts from Ganjam newlineto Balasore. The total area of Bay of Bengal is covering 485 kilometres in Odisha. The newlinephytoplanktons establish 95% of the total marine primary production. These are the newlinedynamic source of energy and constitute the first trophic level. They provide physical newlinestructure habitat as well as a source of food for invertebrates and fish. They initiate the newlinemarine food chain, by serving as food to primary consumers like zooplankton, shellfish newlineand finfish. Phytoplanktons are primly considered as a natural bio-indicator because of newlineits quick responses to fluctuations of certain environmental conditions. Phytoplanktons newlineare the fantastic indicator reports on the species configuration, diversity, distribution, newlinesuccession, cyclical, tidal and diurnal differences to ecological changes in the coastal environments and also the water quality. The marine ecosystem provides a sink for newlinecarbon dioxide. Phytoplankton are on the surface of water body, where it get sunlight newlineand act as the base of the marine food chain. Algae are the essential part of healthy newlinemarine ecosystems because they captured and use energy form sunlight, carbon dioxide, newlineand water to produce organic compounds. The role of marine phytoplanktons and their newlinestability is scarce till today in marine ecosystems. The fact is that the plankton inhabits to newlineopen fluid environment on some particular constrains to aquatic ecosystems. newlinePhytoplankton not only play a leading role in biogeochemical cycle of carbon, nitrogen, newlinephosphorus but also regulate earth s climate and transfer energy in food chain and food newlinewebs.