Assessment of effect of intra pocket delivery of chitosan nanoparticles in periodontal disease

Abstract

Results and Discussion: The optimized batches of NPs were in the size ranges of 150 to 237 nm with a mean size of 117.01 ± 0.03 nm. Entrapment efficiency (EE) of 81.45 ± 0.03 % was obtained with a zeta potential (mV) of 28.19 ± 0.03 mV. Almost 98.97 ± 7.17% of drug was released within 24 hours in-vitro so as to obtain sustained release drug, optimized batch exhibit smooth surface with appreciable in-vitro, ex-vivo antibacterial, acute toxicity result and it was found that the formulation could be stored even after 6 months. newline newlinePeriodontitis was successfully induced by using P. gingivalis and ligature induced periodontitis model in rats. Disease induced animal shows significant (plt0.05) reduction in body weight and food consumptions. It also reflect elevated gingival index of 2.92 ± 0.083, tooth mobility of 2.97 ± 0.079, inflammatory changes in tissues of 3.73 ± 0.150, IL-6 of 186.13 ± 5.148 pg/ml, TNF- and#593; of 59.91 ± 3.504 pg/ml and IL -1and#946; of 72.31 ± 1.096 pg/ml when compared to control group. With the test formulation, it was observed that there was significant (plt0.05) improvement in body weight and food consumptions with the drop off in gingival index (1.41 ± 0.201 and 1.0 ± 0.824), tooth mobility (1.67 ± 0.211 and 1.0 ± 0.129), inflammatory changes (2.6 ± 0.184 and 1.55 ± 0.161), serum analysis of IL-6 (65.45 ± 3.188 and 40.27 ± 2.926 pg/ml), TNF- and#593; (22.63 ± 1.389 pg/ml and 20.13 ± 1.293 pg/ml) and IL -1 and#946; (32.81 ± 1.181 pg/ml and 25.42 ± 0.920 pg/ml) when compared to disease control and metronidazole NPs treated groups. It was also observed that inhibitory effect on the damage to gingival tissues and alveolar bone resorption was improved using the intra- pocket formulation containing NTMET NPs (dose of 1.8 and 3.6 mg/ml), respectively. newline newlineConclusion: metronidazole loaded N-trimethyl quaternary ammonium chitosan nanoparticles thus exhibited antibacterial activity through various in-vitro, ex-vivo, acute toxicity and in-vivo studied against periodontal infections. Based on present findings, we can conclude that NTMET NPs at