Chemical Analysis And Biological Evaluation Of Indian Propolis For Neuroprotective Activity

Abstract

Objective: Propolis, a resinous material collected by honey bees from various plants, has been newlineexplored globally for its medicinal and nutritional properties. However, research over Indian newlinepropolis is at infancy. This study was designed to investigate nutraceutical potential of Indian newlinepropolis. Furthermore, enrichment of flavonoids and phenolic contents of Indian propolis and newlineevaluation of in vitro anticholinesterase and antioxidant activities of enriched fractions. In newlineaddition to investigate neuroprotective activity of macerated ethanolic extract of Indian propolis newline(MEEP) and New Chemical Composition of Indian Propolis (NCIP) of Indian Propolis against and#946;- newlineAmyloid 25 35 (Aand#946;25-35) induced memory impairment in Alzheimer s disease. newlineMethods: In the present study, firstly propolis extract was standardized with respect to markers newlinecaffeic acid phenethyl ester, caffeic acid, galangin, luteolin, curcumin, apigenin, pinocembrin newlineand quercetin by new highperformance thin-layer chromatographic (HPTLC) methods. The newlinephysico-chemical analysis, residues analysis and in vitro antioxidant activity analysis were newlineperformed. Nutraceutical value was examined in terms of fats, fibers, minerals, proteins, newlinepolysaccharides, total carbohydrates, and energy value. Secondly, different enrichment newlinetechniques were used and each fraction was assessed by rapid and reproducible RP-HPLC PDA newlinemethod for estimation markers such as caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE), pinocembrin (PINO) newlineand Galangin (GAL). Thirdly, MEEP and NCIP was administrated orally to Wistar rats at doses newlineof 100, 200 and 300 mg/kg. Behavioral performances were evaluated using morris water maze newlineand radial arm maze. At the end of behavioral study, the brains were removed and antioxidant newlineparameters and brain monoamines were estimated. Further acetylcholinesterase (AchE) newlineinhibition and brain-derived neurotropic factor (BDNF) were evaluated. In addition newlinehematological parameters and histopathological tests were also carried out. newline