A Cross sectional study to determine the Prevalence and risk factors of Diabetic Peripheral and Cardiac Autonomic Neuropathy among type II Diabetic out patients in Kurnool

Abstract

Introduction: Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is emerging as a major health problem resulting in serious accompanying complications. DM is also well known for its chronic complications such as tripathy including neuropathy, retinopathy, and nephropathy. Diabetic neuropathy, particularly, Cardiac autonomic neuropathy (CAN) and Diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN)] are the most common clinical complications of DM. Its presence is associated with worsening prognosis and poorer quality of life. It is important to assess these factors for developing interventions that can decrease and or arrest the progression of the disease. Material and Methods: A cross sectional was conducted to find out the prevalence and risk factors of Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy (DPN) and Cardiac Autonomic Neuropathy (CAN) among T2DM individuals of age duration o f 33 - 80 years residing at Kurnool visiting Viswabharathi Medical College and general hospital, Kurnool. A questionnaire which included socio-demographic details such as age, sex, anthropometric details such as height, weight and BMI; smoking and Hypertension history; clinical and laboratory parameters such as Blood pressure, HbA1c, serum cholesterol, serum triglycerides were administered to each patient. CAN was assessed by using various cardiovascular reflex tests (Ewing tests criteria) and Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy by using Toronto Clinical Scoring System (TCSS).The prevalence of DPN and CAN was found to be 45.4% and 34.06% newlinerespectively. 29.3% participants had both DPN and CAN. Among 124 T2DM individuals newlinewith DPN, 80 had CAN corresponding to 64.5%. Prevalence of DPN increased in the participants with increase in age, increased duration of DM, increased HbA1c and high newlineBMI, with hypertension and dyslipidemia. The result is statistically significant (Plt0.001). newlinePrevalence of DPN was found higher among the male participants and smokers and it is newlinestatistically significant with Plt0.05 and Plt0.001 respectively.