Synthesis and characterization of ultra small fluorescent nanoparticles for chemical sensing and bioimaging applications

Abstract

newline Environmental pollution (heavy metals and pesticides) is originated from newlineindustrialization, chemical production, fertilization, plant and animal protection and newlinechemotherapy. Some of the chemical species are toxic at their trace level, which can be newlinehazardous to human health and eco-system. However, the excess amount of these newlinechemical species can cause the severe effect to human health such as nutritional newlinedeficiency, neurological disorder and other devastating chronic disorder. Up to now, wide newlinerange of analytical tools such as high performance liquid chromatography, atomic newlineabsorption spectrometry, atomic emission spectrometry, inductively coupled plasma mass newlinespectrometry and voltametry are used, but these techniques are expensive and time newlineconsuming. In last decade, metal nanoparticles based system have been developed for the newlinedetection of hazardous chemical species, though these strategies are simple and selective, newlinebut require expensive organic ligand to modify the nanoparticles system. Therefore, the newlinedevelopment of a facile, selective and in-situ method that allows real-time monitoring of newlinechemical species is a great challenge. In this connection, the one step green synthetic newlineroutes are developed for the fabrication of low cost and facile fluorescent metal NCs. The newlinelight emission property of metal NCs (Au and Cu), bio-compatibility, monodispersibility newlineand tunable size depended fluorescence is much attracted for the development of sensor newlineand biological probe. Fascinatingly, metal NCs having size regime comparable to the newlineFermi wavelength of the electron, which gives the molecule-like properties and size newlinetunable fluorescence. Particularly, one step green synthetic route for the fabrication of newlineNCs without toxic organic solvent widely appreciated. In the same way, carbon dots newline(CDs) synthesized from natural precursor have become a potential material for biological newlinesensing, chemical sensing, drug delivery and bio-imaging because of their low toxicity, newlinehigh photoluminescence and good biocompatibility, as the