Improvement And Analysis Of Applications Of Ultra Capacitor In Various Automotive Systems

Abstract

newline Air pollution due to vehicles is the major issue which directly effects on the global warming. Vehicles which operated on the petrol, diesel are the main source of air pollution. Any vehicle engine started by starter motor which has high starting torque. The motors like PMDC or BLDC are used to start the engine. These motors are operated on DC supply. Battery supply is the main energy source to starter motors in automotive system. However, battery has some drawbacks like slow charging, operation in cold weather, maintenance, harmful gases come out while charging, effect of high current on cells. Manufacturer of vehicle provide the large size of battery by considering starting peak current. As Ah capacity of battery increases, the size and cost of the battery also increases. newlineUltra-capacitor is the new electrical energy storage device like battery. It can be used as a power source to start the various IC engine-based automobiles. This source can be used instead of battery or with battery. Main characteristics of Ultra-capacitor is quick charging and discharging. Due to these characteristics, it is perfectly suitable for providing high starting current which is in pulse form. Combination of battery and Ultra- capacitor is the useful solution to start the vehicle in cold weather also as the starting load is taken up by Ultra-capacitor. Application of Ultra-capacitor and battery, decrease the size of battery and avoid the starting current stress on it. It is helpful to increase the life of the battery and its maintenance also reduces. This combination is called Hybrid system newlineWhen Ultra-capacitor is used as a power source it is charged by using proposed modified magneto who s output voltage is changed from 12-18 V to 18-24 V. Series-parallel circuit is developed to increase reliability of the system. Stabilizer circuit is developed to charge the Ultra-capacitor which maintains constant voltage across Ultra-capacitor bank to avoid damage due to over voltage.