Experimental Investigations on Effective Utilization of Waste Cooking Oil in CI Engine with Simultaneous Reduction of Nitric Oxide and Smoke using Nano fluids

Abstract

Various methods were adopted to improve the performance of Compression Ignition engine using Waste Cooking Oil (WCO) as a base fuel in this experimental research. WCO was collected in bulk from a restaurant and used for the entire research work. A single cylinder, four stroke, direct injection, water cooled CI engine was used for this research. In the first phase of work, experiments were conducted using diesel and WCO as fuels to measure the performance, combustion and emission parameters at different load conditions and kept as baseline data. WCO was converted into waste cooking oil biodiesel (WCOB) through transesterification process, used as a fuel in the second phase of this work and experiments were conducted. In the third phase of work, copper oxide Nanofluids were prepared through one step chemical method in four concentrations, blended with WCOB and experiments were conducted. Then, zinc oxide Nanofluids were prepared by the same method in four concentrations, blended with WCOB in the fourth phase of work and experiments were conducted. In the fifth phase of work, hybrid Nanofluids (Copper oxide and Zinc oxide) were prepared by the same chemical method in two concentrations, blended with WCOB and experiments were conducted. Finally, all the experimental outcomes from various methods were compared and analysed. The following values were given by different fuels at maximum power output. WCO produced brake thermal efficiency (BTE) of 22.14% which was 8.46% lower than that of diesel (30.6%). WCO released hydrocarbon (HC) emission of 51 ppm which was higher than that of diesel (35 ppm). Carbon monoxide (CO) emission released by WCO was 0.27% which was higher than diesel (0.14%). Nitric Oxide (NO) emission with WCO was 657 ppm whereas for diesel it was 814 ppm. Smoke opacity of WCO was 80% which was higher than that of diesel (60%). The brake thermal efficiency of WCOB was 25.15% which was higher than WCO. HC emission of WCOB was 49 ppm which was lower than WCO.